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Government Procurement in Egypt – SH&P Contribution to Lexology In-Depth 2025
The chapter provides an overview of Egypt’s Government procurement framework, covering core legislation, contracting methods, bidding procedures and the mechanisms available for challenging procurement decisions. Our contribution reflects the firm’s commitment to offering clear and practical guidance on how public contracting operates in Egypt, and to supporting companies and investors working with government entities.
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What is the procurement law in Egypt?
Egypt’s procurement system is governed primarily by Public Contracts Law No. 182 of 2018 and its Executive Regulations, supported by the PPP Law No. 67 of 2010, the Preference of Egyptian Products Law, and State Council guidance regulating how public entities contract for goods, works, services, consultancy, and auctions.
What is Public Procurement Law No. 182 of 2018?
Law No. 182 of 2018 is Egypt’s unified public procurement law. It replaced Law 89/1998 and establishes the modern framework for contracting by public bodies, defining procurement methods, digital procedures, transparency and competition principles, evaluation rules, and award mechanisms.
What procurement methods are allowed under Egyptian law?
Public entities may contract through Public Tender, Limited Tender, Local Tender, Two-Stage Tender, General or Limited Practice, Public or Sealed-Bid Auction, and Direct Agreement, used according to the nature and value of the contract and within the thresholds defined by Law 182/2018.
What is the main legal framework governing government procurement in Egypt?
Egypt’s procurement framework consists of Public Contracts Law No. 182/2018 and its Executive Regulations, the PPP Law, the Preference of Egyptian Products Law, sector-specific regulations, and State Council decisions that guide the interpretation and application of public contract rules.
How are tenders evaluated and awarded under Law 182/2018?
Tenders are evaluated based on technical compliance, past performance, delivery capability, and financial standing. Awards are made either to the lowest compliant offer or to the most economically advantageous tender (MEAT) under a points-based system set out in the tender documents.
Are foreign suppliers allowed to participate in government tenders in Egypt?
Yes. Foreign suppliers may participate in public tenders and submit prices in foreign currency, which is converted using the Central Bank’s rate on the technical opening date. Foreign companies typically establish a branch or local entity in Egypt for contracting and performance purposes.
What is the difference between a tender and a practice under Egyptian procurement law?
Under Law 182 of 2018, a public tender is a formal, open competitive process used for higher-value procurements requiring broad competition. A general or limited practice is a less formal method where the authority invites a selected group of suppliers to submit offers, mainly for lower-value or time-sensitive procurements within legally defined thresholds.